arthrosis(osteoarthritis) is a dystrophic joint disease associated with slow degeneration and destruction of intra-articular cartilage. Over time, there is a restructuring of the joint ends of bones, inflammation and degeneration of periarticular tissues. The concept of "arthrosis" (osteoarthritis deformans) includes a group of joint diseases of a degenerative-inflammatory nature, which have different origins and similar mechanisms.
Causes
Primary arthrosis in the context of age-related and/or biomechanical changes. Secondary, it occurs after an injury, in the context of diabetes mellitus or thyroid disease, due to vascular disorders, etc. It contributes to damage to leg joints and the development of flat feet with arthrosis, which violates the foot's shock-absorbing functions. The timely application of specially selected orthopedic insoles allows to correct foot deformity and reduce stress on joints.
Arthrosis is the most common joint disease and its frequency increases with age. But this disease does not only occur in the elderly, which determines its social significance.
Symptoms:
- pain on exertion, decreasing at rest;
- limited mobility and grinding in the joint;
- muscle tension in the joint area;
- possible periodic appearance of swelling, gradual deformation of the joint.
Primary arthrosis - 40-50% of arthrosis cases. The disease develops in a previously healthy joint and its cause is not joint damage but, for example, intense physical work.
Secondary arthrosis - 50-60% of cases. The joint, prone to arthrosis, was already deformed even before the disease - for example, as a result of trauma.
Which joints are affected by osteoarthritis?
Most often, arthrosis develops in the joints of the lower half of the body (hip, knee, first metatarsophalangeal). In the hands, the phalangeal joints of the fingers are most often exposed to arthrosis. Osteoarthritis usually occurs first in one joint and then in the second - symmetrical to the first.
Coxarthrosis
Coxarthrosis(hip joint arthrosis) is characterized by a progressive course and impaired statodynamic function of the musculoskeletal system. It occupies one of the first places among the degenerative dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The dystrophic process starts with the articular cartilage - its thinning, dissociation, fragmentation occurs and its cushioning properties are lost. As a compensatory reaction of the articular surfaces of the hip joint, marginal bone growths are formed. In the future, sclerosis develops and cysts form in the articular sections of the femoral head and acetabulum.
gonarthrosis
gonarthrosisarthrosis of the knee joint) occupies a prominent place in the group of arthritic lesions of the joints of the extremities. Patients with gonarthrosis are constantly prevalent among patients seen in polyclinics, but unfortunately, there are few among those treated in our hospitals. Hospital treatment can have a much greater effect than outpatient therapy in the workplace. Known by doctors for over 100 years, this disease in everyday life is called "salt deposition".